Improvement in pumps for deep wells



-UNITED vSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS J. LOVEGROVE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN PUMPS FOR DEEP WELLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 51,602, dated December19, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, THOMAS J. LovEGRovE, of the city and county ofPhiladelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Pumps for Artesian Wells; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description of theconstruction and operation of the same, reference being had to theannexed drawings, making` a part of this specification, in which- Figurel is a view of my pump in elevation. Fig. 2 is a central verticalsection with the piston depressed; and Fig. 3 is a central verticalsection with the piston elevated.

It sometimes happens in sinking artesian wells that volumes of gas areforced through the tube with a velocity suliicient to raise the valvesof ordinary pumps, and thus prevent them from operating to raise theliquid contents of the well, and itis the object of my invention torender the pump effectively operative in artesian wells with howevermuch force the gas may escape; and to this end my invention consists,first, in placing a shield or case, withy a closed bottom, upon theworking Y barrel within and at the bottom of the well;

second, in placing vertical valves in the sides of the shield; and,third, in perforating the shield with one or more openings to insure theregular working of the valve.

A hollow piston or plunger, A, carrying a suitable valve, B, is vibratedby the pump-rod O, which may be tubular, if desired, with a pipe, D,inserted in the artesian well. At its lower end the pipe D terminates ina shield,

E, placed within the cylinder F, which is placed at the bottom of thewell, and is of nearly the diameter of its bore. The shield D may besquare or round, and has valves on its vertical sides, one of which isshown at G, and a small puncture or opening, H, communicating with thecylinder F, and this cylinder and the shield E are both closed at thebottom by screw-plugs or in any other suitable manner that will form atight joint to prevent the entrance of gas or liquids into the cylinderor shield through the bottom of either.

When thus constructed and inserted to the bottom of the well theoperation of my pump will be effective and in the following manner: Theliquid in the well rises above the upper edge of the cylinder and keepsit always full or, in other words, the top of the cylinder is below thelevel of the liquid in the well, which is therefore filled from thetopand when the piston is raised the vertical valve in the sides of theshield is raised or opened, and the liquid flows from the cylinderthrough the vertical valve into the shield, and when the piston isdepressed the vertical valve is closed, and the plunger-valve opens andpermits the liquid in the shield to rise above it, to be lifted by thenext ascent of the pump-rod, and as all this motion of the liquid beginsbelow the level of its surface it is almost unmixed with gas, for thespecic 'gravity ofthe liquid being greater than that of the gas theformer will sink into the cistern, while the latter will rise andthrough the well to its top.

To render the working ofthe vertical valves in the shield with absoluteprecision, l Ieavea small openingin the wall ofthe shield, through whicha portion of the liquid returns to the cistern from the shield 011 thedownstroke ofthe piston, and this always keeps a sufficient pressure onthe outside of the valve to secure its opening with certainty on theupstroke of the when both are closed at the bottom, and with the pistonand vert-ical valve,al1`arranged and operating substantiallyT as setforth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

his Jos. G. OLIVE.

mark.

ascend

